India Sanctions and Export Controls Certificate Course

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India is one of the world’s largest and fastest-growing major economies and operates under a federal parliamentary democratic system established by its Constitution, with executive authority vested in the Prime Minister and Council of Ministers and legislative authority exercised by a bicameral Parliament. It has a mixed economy characterized by a strong private sector alongside significant state involvement in key areas such as defense, energy, banking, and infrastructure, and it plays an increasingly prominent role in global trade, technology, and services. 

Trade and foreign policy are administered at the federal level, with the Ministry of Commerce and Industry overseeing export and import regulation and the Ministry of External Affairs shaping broader foreign policy objectives. India’s export control framework is primarily governed by the Foreign Trade (Development and Regulation) Act and implemented through the Foreign Trade Policy and the Directorate General of Foreign Trade, which administers licensing and maintains the Special Chemicals, Organisms, Materials, Equipment and Technologies (SCOMET) list covering dual-use and sensitive items, including those related to defense, nuclear, and missile technologies; additional oversight applies in strategic sectors under separate legislation such as the Atomic Energy Act. 

India does not operate a comprehensive unilateral sanctions regime comparable to those of the United States or the European Union, but it implements sanctions mandated by the United Nations Security Council and may impose trade or financial restrictions through domestic legal authorities when required by national security or foreign policy considerations. Together, these mechanisms reflect India’s approach to balancing economic development, strategic autonomy, nonproliferation commitments, and national security within an evolving global regulatory environment.